End of Topic test – Science

This term we learned about genetics, like DNA, genes, traits, mutations, punnet squares, natural selections, adaptations and evolution, and inheritance. We learned  about what DNA’s are made of, what our characteristics are, how scientists identify which genes you have inherited from your parents, how does your genes mutate and affect you, when nature decide whether you live or die, how will we be able to adapt and evolved overtime, and how does inheritance work.

DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic acid is the genetic code passed from the parents to the children, it carries information about the parents DNA. Genes are the segment part of the DNA, and is the one responsible for what the offspring will look like. A trait is the characteristics of the offspring, that they inherit from their parents, some examples are, respectful, disciplined, kind, ect. Inheritance is when the offspring inherits the eye colour of the parents, the skin colour, the eye shapes, how big their hands is gonna be, the physical appearance of the offspring, ect. Each humans have 23 chromosomes, the parents has 46 chromosomes combined, and half of the chromosomes are inherited by the offspring. Punnet squares are used to identify what traits the offspring has inherited from their parents, one chromosome from each parent will be combined to get a different outcome of what the offspring could look like.

A trait is the characteristics of the offspring, like, being flexible, compassionate, resilience, discipline, creativity, persistent, courageous, loyal, ect, that they inherit from their parents. Natural selections I when nature decides which traits will survive or not, or in other words when organisms are suited for the environment, and will live a long life until they reproduce, repeating the whole process again. Reproduction is where 2 parents meet, and produce their own offspring that are similar to them. Evolution is the change in the alleles of a specific organism that has evolved to adapt to their environment. An example is the kiwi bird, it doesn’t have a lot of predators and over the course of generations, it has gotten used to not having a lot of predators that it has lost the ability to fly due to not needing it to run away from predators.