tapu-ae
History: Tapu Ae is an adaptation of Kī o Rahi and uses the same Whakapapa and Purakau of that Tākaro.
objective: hit the tennis balls in the other teams circle
team numbers: 10 players/people minimum (5 a side)
field size: Indoor/outdoor Tākaro. Usually played in a netball/basketball sized area
game rules: Start the games by throwing the Kī into Te Ao (the middle zone) this is done after each tupu hit. If a team losses possession out of bounds over the sides, then they hand over the Kī to the opposition. If it goes out over the back, the defensive teams kaitiaki gets the Kī. The Kī must be touched by your team in Te Ao, before the attack can gain possession. If you are using a Poi Toa, attackers need to keep the poi swinging, if the defender is close enough to be hit by the Poi, then they are too close, if 2 people catch the Poi at the same time then the closest to the ki (head/ball) retains possession (also refer to Poi Toa)
areas of play: 3 zones, two scoring zones and a middle zone
ti uru
History: Traditionally played with a piece of Tī Kōuka or block of wood. Tī Uru is a tākaro that encouraged and celebrates close connections and ties between Whānau, Hapu, and Iwi.
Objective: pass to you players standing on the mats
Team numbers: 6 minimum (3 a side)
Field size: Netball size court or bigger for larger groups.
Game rules: Attack: Pass the ti or kī to one of your players standing on a mat to score points. Player (standing on mat) must catch and control the ti, ki, or poi on the full with an open hand. Defense: Stop the other team from scoring points by intercepting a passed ti or kī. How to score points: Catch near hips = 1 mat removed, catch above the head = 2 mats removed, catch ti or kī on the back of the neck without using your hands = game winner. ti or kī is passed into the field of play by the Kaiwawao (referee) at the beginning of the game and after each score. Alternatively each team can start halves or quarters and defending team starts after each score. The kī cannot go directly from defense to the attacking zone; it must be passed to the players in the middle zone. Must be caught open handed to score, when using a kī or block. If it is caught waist high take away 1 mat, head high take away 2 mats, catches behind the neck wins the game.
Areas of play: one big area with mats on each sides of the court
ki o rahi
History: Based on the Purakau (legend) of Rahitutakahina and the rescue of his wife Tiarakurapakewai. The tākaro is a reflection of Tupuna story telling at its best, as well as provides an insight into the way in which they would explain and design Tākaro to reflect their unique “world view”. The Papa Tākaro (field) layout of Ki o Rahi and the way the Tākaro is played is a perfect example of this.
Objective: hit the tupu or touchdown
Team numbers: 14 People minimum (7 a side)
Field size: like two tennis courts
Game rules: Play is started from te Marama, with Kioma throw or kick the ki to a team mate in Pawero area. They attempt to pass the ki to team mate who touches a pou (for a potential point) then can touch more pou to accumulate more potential points or run it through te roto then place the ki on or over the Pawero line to convert all pou touches into points on the board. (this is the only time they can enter te roto). Kioma can not go through or over te ara to score. If a kioma player is “tagged” in te roto while trying to score it is a hand over, if they run into te roto and run or pass the ki back out with out being touch they retain possession but the pou touches are recounted. Kioma scores and play restarts with a kick off from te marama. Out of bounds, last team in possession hand over to other team. Taniwha scores by hitting the tupu with the ki and play carries on. Jump shots may be allowed if the taniwha player jumps from te roto and releases the ki before landing in Pawero, they must leave immediattely and not affect play or Kioma gain possession. Players in possession must be moving or they have 3-5 seconds to pass or shot or hand it over. Players can not enter te ara, unless they are kioma moving between pawero and te ao. Players may get the ki from other zones as long as part of their body stays in their legal zone, Taniwha may take jump shots at the tupu as long as the ball is released before they touch the ground. (some Iwi play no entering other zones or penalties may occur) This is called the Turangawaewae rule.
Areas of play: Kioma can go into Te Marama, Te Ao, Pawero zones. Te Ara is for the Kaitiaki/guardians to get in and out of Pawero to help attack or defend the Tupu. Te Roto can only be used by Kīomawhen running through to covert Pou touches into points. Taniwha can go into Te Roto and Te Ao zones only.